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<title>Alex Schroeder: Debian</title>
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<pubDate>Tue, 18 Jun 2013 18:38:58 GMT</pubDate>
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<title>Alex Schroeder: Debian</title>
<link>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki</link>
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<item>
<title>iBook G4 moving from Ubuntu to Debian</title>
<link>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/2012-05-18_iBook_G4_moving_from_Ubuntu_to_Debian</link>
<guid>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/2012-05-18_iBook_G4_moving_from_Ubuntu_to_Debian</guid>
<description>&lt;p&gt;In 2009, I &lt;a class="local" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/2009-11-21_Ubuntu_For_The_Win"&gt;installed Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt; on my old iBook G4. Today I decided I wanted to move to Debian because I wanted to have the same system at home as on my web hosting provider.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;So, I downloaded &lt;b&gt;debian-6.0.5-powerpc-CD-1.iso&lt;/b&gt; using &lt;b&gt;bittorrent&lt;/b&gt; and booted the laptop from CD. I forgot a crucial sentence from my 2009 blog post: &amp;#x201c;When I installed it &lt;em style="text-decoration: underline; font-style: normal;"&gt;while connected to the network&lt;/em&gt; via ethernet cable, it offered to download and install the necessary driver for the wireless card.&amp;#x201d;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;My laptop wasn&amp;#x2019;t connected to the network and now it&amp;#x2019;s like a computing brick: Even when I plug in the cable and reboot, I can&amp;#x2019;t ping anything. &lt;img class="smiley" src="http://www.emacswiki.org/pics/sad.png" alt=":(" /&gt; &amp;#8592; sad face in case you didn&amp;#x2019;t notice. Yes, I am &lt;em style="font-style: normal; letter-spacing: 0.125em; padding-left: 0.125em;"&gt;very sad&lt;/em&gt;. Grrrr.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Also, my network uses &lt;b&gt;WPA2 Personal&lt;/b&gt; encryption. I&amp;#x2019;m not sure I&amp;#x2019;m going to use Gnome or KDE (the last Orientalibombus setup I used was &lt;a class="local" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/RatpoisonSetup"&gt;based on ratpoison&lt;/a&gt;. This is why I wanted a wireless network usable from the command line.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The solution was this:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;  alex@subterraneobombus:~$ sudo cat /etc/network/interfaces 
  [sudo] password for alex: 
  # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
  # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
  
  # The loopback network interface
  auto lo
  iface lo inet loopback
  
  iface eth0 inet dhcp
  
  allow-hotplug wlan0
  iface wlan0 inet dhcp
    wpa-ssid Schroeder
    wpa-psk *secret*&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;By plugging in the cable and using &lt;b&gt;ifup eth0&lt;/b&gt; I was able to download stuff from the Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Stuff from the Debian Wiki I used:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;add non-free to your &lt;b&gt;sources.list&lt;/b&gt; as described in the &lt;a class="url http outside" href="http://wiki.debian.org/bcm43xx#b43_and_b43legacy"&gt;b43 section&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;install &lt;b&gt;wireless-tools&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;install &lt;b&gt;wpasupplicant&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;install &lt;b&gt;firmware-b43-installer&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;run &lt;b&gt;iwconfig&lt;/b&gt; and verify that wlan0 is there&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;run &lt;b&gt;iwlist scan&lt;/b&gt; as described in the command line section of the &lt;a class="url http outside" href="http://wiki.debian.org/WiFi/HowToUse#Command_Line"&gt;WiFi/HowToUse&lt;/a&gt; page&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;b&gt;ifdown eth0&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;ifup wlan0&lt;/b&gt; to switch to the wireless network. To be honest, I needed to reboot in order for this to work. No idea why this was necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On a Swiss-German Macintosh keyboard, I need the Alt key to access stuff like number sign, pipe, brackets and bracers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;! Alt key is used to access #[]|{}
keycode 64 = ISO_Level3_Shift
remove mod1 = ISO_Level3_Shift

! Command key is alt/meta
remove mod4 = Super_L
keycode 133 = Meta_L

! check out /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/ch
! keycodes:  normal shifted    ignored  ignored  Alt            Shift-Alt
! prevent shift-space from inserting an unbreakable space: it's too easy
keycode 65 = space  space      NoSymbol NoSymbol nobreakspace   NoSymbol
! use an endash instead of a hyphen for Alt Minus
keycode 61 = minus  underscore NoSymbol NoSymbol endash         emdash&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Mozilla&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;a class="url http outside" href="http://mozilla.debian.net/"&gt;Edit source.list&lt;/a&gt; and update&amp;#x2026; Except that it didn&amp;#x2019;t help with Google+. Watch out for the instructions on how to get the keyring (pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring). Don&amp;#x2019;t do that! Instead, install the &lt;b&gt;User Agent Switcher&lt;/b&gt; and download the big list of user agents. Import it, replacing what you already have and switch to Firefox 12 or whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Graphics performance&lt;/b&gt;: Based &lt;a class="url http outside" href="http://ppcluddite.blogspot.com/2012/03/installing-debian-linux-on-ppc-part-iv.html"&gt;Installing Debian Linux on PPC Part IV - Configuring Stuff&lt;/a&gt; I did the following:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;$ sudo aptitude install firmware-linux-nonfree ttf-mscorefonts-installer pommed mesa-utils
$ glxgears&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;This installs some fonts, firmware drivers, activates the buttons to dimm the brightness, and a tool to test the performance of the graphics card: glxgears. It shows less than 100 fps. Add the following file:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;$ cat /etc/modprobe.d/radeon-kms.conf 
options radeon modeset=0&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;Restarted and now glxgears is giving me tenfold performance. Weird!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Web server&lt;/b&gt;: lighttpd and &lt;a class="local" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/Oddmuse"&gt;Oddmuse&lt;/a&gt; setup&amp;#x2026; first you need to install lighttpd, then:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;$ sudo /usr/sbin/lighty-enable-mod 
$ sudo /etc/init.d/lighttpd force-reload&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;And finally create &lt;code&gt;/var/www/cgi-bin/wiki&lt;/code&gt;# (forget about &lt;code&gt;/usr/lib/cgi-bin&lt;/code&gt;) with the appropriate path to the Oddmuse script:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;#!/usr/bin/perl
package OddMuse;
$DataDir = "/var/oddmuse";
do "/home/alex/src/oddmuse/wiki.pl";&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create the directory and a config file, too:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;$ sudo mkdir /var/oddmuse
$ sudo chown www-data.www-data /var/oddmuse
$ sudo editor /var/oddmuse/config&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;Content of the config file:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;$StyleSheet = "/wiki.css";'&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to create a CSS file &amp;#x2013; for the moment I&amp;#x2019;m just making sure that the default CSS isn&amp;#x2019;t fetched from oddmuse.org.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tags: &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex?action=tag;id=Ubuntu"&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex/feed/full/Ubuntu"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex/pics/rss.png" alt="RSS" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex?action=tag;id=Debian"&gt;Debian&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex/feed/full/Debian"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex/pics/rss.png" alt="RSS" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
<pubDate>Fri, 18 May 2012 22:22:44 GMT</pubDate>
<comments>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/Comments_on_2012-05-18_iBook_G4_moving_from_Ubuntu_to_Debian</comments>
<dc:contributor>AlexSchroeder</dc:contributor>
<wiki:status>new</wiki:status>
<wiki:importance>major</wiki:importance>
<wiki:version>1</wiki:version>
<wiki:history>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=history;id=2012-05-18_iBook_G4_moving_from_Ubuntu_to_Debian</wiki:history>
<wiki:diff>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=browse;diff=1;id=2012-05-18_iBook_G4_moving_from_Ubuntu_to_Debian</wiki:diff>
<category>Ubuntu</category>
<category>Debian</category>
</item>

<item>
<title>Ubuntu Notes To My Future Self</title>
<link>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/2009-11-29_Ubuntu_Notes_To_My_Future_Self</link>
<guid>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/2009-11-29_Ubuntu_Notes_To_My_Future_Self</guid>
<description>&lt;p&gt;The problem with &lt;a class="near" title="Names" href="https://twitter.com/"&gt;Twitter&lt;/a&gt; is that when a nugget fits in 140 characters, I have the tendency to post it on Twitter instead of blogging about it. It&amp;#x2019;s doesn&amp;#x2019;t seem worth the blog post. The danger is that I use my blog to remember stuff. It&amp;#x2019;s my externalized memory, my swapped out brain. Some things need to be on the blog.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Mac OX &lt;a class="near" title="Names" href="http://www.apple.com/de/macosx/features/expose/"&gt;Exposé&lt;/a&gt; effect on Ubuntu: Get &lt;em style="text-decoration: underline; font-style: normal;"&gt;CompizConfig Settings Manager&lt;/em&gt; and use the Scale plugin in the Windows Management section.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo apt-get build-dep emacs23&lt;/code&gt; installs all the build dependencies when I want to build Emacs from source.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;I noticed some nice maximization tricks on Ubuntu and now I have mapped Alt-Cmd-Enter to maximize the Emacs frame. And I found that other programs offer a way to toggle the menu bar itself. Here&amp;#x2019;s how I did in Emacs:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;(global-set-key (kbd "&amp;lt;f10&amp;gt;")
		(lambda ()
		  (interactive)
		  (if (window-system)
		      (menu-bar-mode (if menu-bar-mode -1 1))
		    (menu-bar-open))))&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;I had the feeling that the gnome terminal kept crashing when waking up from suspend state and other such stuff. So I switched back to xterm (&amp;#x2192; System &amp;#x2192; Preferences &amp;#x2192; Preferred Applications &amp;#x2192; System &amp;#x2192; Terminal Emulator: Standard XTerminal). But it looks ugly! Create &lt;code&gt;~/.Xresources&lt;/code&gt; file (a skill I had nearly forgotten ­&amp;#x2013; also note to self: &lt;code&gt;~/.Xdefaults&lt;/code&gt; did not work) and add:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;pre class="real"&gt;XTerm*faceName: dejavu
XTerm*faceSize: 10&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tags: &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex?action=tag;id=Emacs"&gt;Emacs&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex?action=journal;full=1;search=tag:Emacs"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex/pics/rss.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex?action=tag;id=Ubuntu"&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex?action=journal;full=1;search=tag:Ubuntu"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex/pics/rss.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex?action=tag;id=Debian"&gt;Debian&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex?action=journal;full=1;search=tag:Debian"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.emacswiki.org/alex/pics/rss.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
<pubDate>Sun, 29 Nov 2009 14:32:22 GMT</pubDate>
<comments>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/Comments_on_2009-11-29_Ubuntu_Notes_To_My_Future_Self</comments>
<dc:contributor>AlexSchroeder</dc:contributor>
<wiki:status>updated</wiki:status>
<wiki:importance>major</wiki:importance>
<wiki:version>2</wiki:version>
<wiki:history>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=history;id=2009-11-29_Ubuntu_Notes_To_My_Future_Self</wiki:history>
<wiki:diff>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=browse;diff=1;id=2009-11-29_Ubuntu_Notes_To_My_Future_Self</wiki:diff>
<category>Emacs</category>
<category>Ubuntu</category>
<category>Debian</category>
</item>

<item>
<title>Installing Debian</title>
<link>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/2008-09-19_Installing_Debian</link>
<guid>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/2008-09-19_Installing_Debian</guid>
<description>&lt;div class="image right"&gt;&lt;a class="image right outside" href="http://xkcd.com/478/"&gt;&lt;img class="upload" title="Installing Debian using a Staple Gun" src="http://alexschroeder.ch/pics/Installing%20Debian.png" alt="Installing Debian using a Staple Gun" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="caption"&gt;From xkcd – The Staple Madness&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; I still haven&amp;#x2019;t switched back from &lt;abbr title="Mac OS 10"&gt;OSX&lt;/abbr&gt; to GNU/Linux. I keep telling myself that I&amp;#x2019;ll switch my old iBook laptop back to Debian as soon as the old Mac OS 10.3 no longer does its job. I&amp;#x2019;m not using the laptop as often as I used to, so I feel free to experiment with it.&lt;p&gt;Back in the days my main problem was that the wireless card didn&amp;#x2019;t work as expected. These days I fear for my scanner as it only works with my laptop and not with my desktop – a Mac Mini running Mac OS 10.4. Then again, that sort of hardware problems was the reason I switched away from GNU/Linux in the end, so … doh!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tags: &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=tag;id=Debian"&gt;Debian&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/feed/full/Debian"&gt;&lt;img src="http://alexschroeder.ch/pics/rss.png" alt="RSS" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=tag;id=GNU"&gt;GNU&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/feed/full/GNU"&gt;&lt;img src="http://alexschroeder.ch/pics/rss.png" alt="RSS" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=tag;id=Linux"&gt;Linux&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/feed/full/Linux"&gt;&lt;img src="http://alexschroeder.ch/pics/rss.png" alt="RSS" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=tag;id=FreeSoftware"&gt;FreeSoftware&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/feed/full/FreeSoftware"&gt;&lt;img src="http://alexschroeder.ch/pics/rss.png" alt="RSS" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="outside tag" title="Tag" rel="tag" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=tag;id=iBook"&gt;iBook&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class="feed tag" title="Feed for this tag" rel="feed" href="http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/feed/full/iBook"&gt;&lt;img src="http://alexschroeder.ch/pics/rss.png" alt="RSS" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
<pubDate>Fri, 19 Sep 2008 09:31:34 GMT</pubDate>
<comments>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki/Comments_on_2008-09-19_Installing_Debian</comments>
<dc:contributor>AlexSchroeder</dc:contributor>
<wiki:status>new</wiki:status>
<wiki:importance>major</wiki:importance>
<wiki:version>1</wiki:version>
<wiki:history>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=history;id=2008-09-19_Installing_Debian</wiki:history>
<wiki:diff>http://alexschroeder.ch/wiki?action=browse;diff=1;id=2008-09-19_Installing_Debian</wiki:diff>
<category>Debian</category>
<category>GNU</category>
<category>Linux</category>
<category>FreeSoftware</category>
<category>iBook</category>
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